Congress shall make no law without first holding hearings to determine whether the presumption the members hold about the proposed law being constitutional, or would violate individual rights.
Peter Namtvedt
Other proposed amendments.
HUMOR:
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September 2
SEPTEMBER 2
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When it begins
FREEDOM OF AND FROM RELIGION
When the Founders wrote the First Amendment they did not imagine giving religions *any* kind of special status, but only to permit doing crazy things in private as long as it did not cause anyone else physical harm. They wrote "Congress shall make no Law respecting an Establishment of Religion, or prohibiting the free Exercise thereof..." No tax exemption, no right to disturb the peace with loud nonsense, let alone harming people who do not believe in a god.
If the Founders had possessed real nads they would have immediately ended the establishment of churches by the several states also. They ought to have demanded, not just greater tolerance, but set up an even stronger wall against the force that religion can impose on society.
In our modern times we have evidence of the corrupting power of religion, not just abroad, but right here at home. Religion has led to the prohibiting of medical research of certain kinds, and intrudes by imposing its values contrary to the First Amendment.
ANTI-TRUST: THE WORST EXAMPLE OF NON-OBJECTIVE LAW
Imagine that you were running a manufacturing business that you inherited from your parents. Your parents were smart and kept innovating, improving the original product and adding more as time went by. They reduced costs continually, resulting in both more profit and lower price to their customers. You took over and continued the same practices. Other producers of similar products could not keep up. Newcomers failed to catch up or did not have capital to stay in it long enough to become established in any areas.
Then one day good old government decides that we are a Christian nation, and all business practices have to start being "fair", more aligned with Christian values.
At first this meant that no one would be allowed to control the entire market in any product. What do you do? Before they come after you, you might raise the price slightly to entice others to enter the market. Big mistake. The Feds descend on you with charges of, not being a monopoly, but of "monopolizing." Having 80% of the market, you are a near-monopoly, and by raising your prices you are acting the way a monopoly would in over-charging consumers. They hand you a bill for thousands of dollars in penalties and require you to share your trade secrets with budding competitors.
Years go by and your business continues to grow. You now have 85% of the market and keep dropping your prices. The Feds come calling again. This time the charge is unfair pricing, especially your discounts to wholesalers and the lower price your own retail outlets sell the product for. Another judgment against you and big penalty payments.
You and your attorney study and discuss this and come up with a more defensive position: charge the identical same price as the competitors charge.
American history is replete with instances of people seeking redress for being economically disadvantaged through courts and legislation to control what were deemed unfair prices or unbeatable competition. Such instances were minor skirmishes through the first 100 years. That began to change as in the late 1800s railroads introduced special deals for customers who shipped large volumes of goods. Farmers were benefiting from continually falling rail rates, but they also watched over falling farm produce prices and much lower rail rates for others. The farmers began to become politically active against "unfair pricing" and trusts or groups of firms colluding to acquire a disproportionate amount of wealth. Washington politics soon mirrored this, with debates leading to drafting legislation to assuage the complaints.
The Sherman Act, against "trusts" or "monopolies", was incorporated into US law in 1890 (initiated by the Senate, and Senator Sherman), and it's surviving and often-modified remnants can be examined by reading the titles of the latest version of the official law of the United States. The official law of the United States is encoded into volumes called "The United States Code" (or USC). (there are other parts to US law, but the USC contains the code of all laws initiated and modified by Congress) The USC's Title 15, governing Commerce & Trade, contains the codes of law derived from the original Sherman Act. There are 97 chapters of Title 15 in the latest online version of the USC.
What did this act (as amended over time) impose by law?
"Every conspiracy in restraint of trade (sec 1) or monopolization (sec 2) of trade, is illegal. Conspirators are guilty of a felony. Conspirators can be fined (upto but not to exceed $10 million for corporations and a max of $350,000 for persons) or imprisoned (not to exceed 3 years), or both (court discretion). Definitions of conspiracy and monopolization, including the word monopoly itself, are entirely broad, largely undefined and ultimately left upto the Attorney General and the moods of the US public at the time of enforcement. Basically, guilty parties are whomever the Attorney General can convince the District Court judges they are. A political crapshoot. Guilty parties should prepare to act humble (as Bill Gates did NOT) and brown-nose as much as possible." Antitrust is Evil
Capitalism Magazine
Financing Government Without Taxation, by James Rolph Edwards, Professor of Economics, Montana State University-Northern
From Reason to Freedom
Weekly free-thinking magazine promoting thinking for oneself, thus helping to create a free, benevolent society:
Some of my postings:
Words and Referents
Bank Socialism
Saints in the Lobby
Troubling clauses
The Burden of gov't
